College Athletes Settle Suit Againsts Electronic Arts (EA Sports) for $60 Million

At Bleacher Report, featured columnist Matt Fitzgerald has the story in College Athletes Who Appeared in EA Sports Games to Share $60M Settlement.

See also Darren Rovell, ESPN Senior Writer in Athletes whose likenesses appeared in Electronic Arts games will share a $60 million settlement.

See also EA Sports.

The case of the players alleging NCAA antitrust law violations continues.

Nike Flyknit Chukka Sneakers in Stanford Cardinal and Nebraska Cornhusker School Colors

"The Nike Flyknit is the world's first mass-produced consumer product made using additive manufacturing." -- Maurice Conti, Autodesk.

These sneakers may already be collectors' items, even if they are never worn.
There was no way we could resist buying a pair of these pioneer shoes.

In fact, we got lucky enough to find a fitting pair in the only shop in Germany (burner.de) currently offering the new Nike Flyknit Chukkas online:

Nike Flyknit Chukka Sneaker

 

This may not be the color combination that most people would buy, but we thought these colors were perfect to match the college school colors of our alma mater undergraduate and graduate universities:

• the scarlet and cream of the University of Nebraska Huskers
  and
• the cardinal red and white of the Stanford University Cardinal.

We note here, as in the last posting, that this is NOT paid advertising.

Rather, this is industrial and manufacturing history in the making.

Crossposted from LawPundit.

Legal in the EU? UEFA Continuous Onscreen Flash Inserts so Disturbing that We Will Watch no More UEFA Football on TV Until this Attempted Brainwash Practice is Stopped

The continuous onscreen "brainwashing" flash insert of what appears to be a UEFA "football flower?" or God only knows what during the game of Germany vs. Portugal in the European Championships was so disturbing to our watching the game that we stopped watching prior to the end of halftime and will watch no more UEFA soccer games until we learn that this TOTALLY IDIOTIC insertion has stopped.

We even question the EU legality of that kind of advertising.

Viewers know what they are watching and do not need UEFA to tell them by flash inserts every 30 seconds through brainwash flashes.

Such flash insertion of advertising totally destroys the football game atmosphere and puts moronic technical child's play ahead of the game of association foootball, i.e. soccer to those of you in America. This is the best way possible to lose online TV viewers.

Who came up with this ABSURD idea?

All the people responsible for implementing this idea should be thrown out of the UEFA, and that includes those running the organization presently.

Pro Golfers Swing Differently than Amateurs: Stanford School of Medicine Study Shows Biomechanical Differences: Hip Rotation Initiates Downswing

Jessica Rose, PhD, and a team of researchers at the Stanford University School of Medicine have obtained valuable new insights on the golf swing. As John Sanford writes:

"For the first time, several key rotational-biomechanic elements of the golf stroke in its entirety, from backswing to follow-through, were analyzed, and then the data were used to generate benchmark curves, said Jessica Rose, PhD, associate professor of orthopaedic surgery and senior author of the study."

The medical object of the study was of course to study golf-induced injuries by studying swing fundamentals. It was found that pros do in fact swing differently than amateurs:

"Researchers analyzed several biomechanical elements of subjects’ golf swings, including S-factor (tilt of the shoulders), O-factor (tilt of the hips) and X-factor — the relative rotation of the hips to the shoulders, measured in degrees — which is considered key to power generation. Previous research has shown that pro golfers who hit the ball far generally have a larger peak X-factor than their peers, but this study is more extensive in that it considers X-factor in relation to other rotational biomechanics of the golf swing over the full duration of the motion."

Of immense use to all golfers, pro or amateur, and immensely valuable to teaching professionals, the study found for the first time scientifically that it is hip rotation that initiates the downswing:

"Conrad Ray, the Knowles Family Director of Men’s Golf at Stanford University and a co-author of the study, said the findings give scientific backing to the elements of golf-swing form that professionals have long understood are vital for generating power. The study also helps to clarify some unresolved questions about golf-swing biomechanics, Ray said. “One question that always comes from students is, ‘What starts the downswing?’” he said. “People have had different answers. Some would say the hands, or others would say the shoulders or the lower body. But the study confirms that rotation of the hips initiates the downswing. So that, to me, is an interesting finding.”"

Mentoring, Coaching, Leadership: March Madness and Winning: Teams that Make the Final Four Usually Have One Thing in Common: Head Coaches Who Understand the Secrets of Good Coaching

...Mentoring. Coaching. LEADERSHIP. 
...In ANY Organization.
...Learn from Sports.
 
This is an amended edition of a previous posting on the

Secrets of Good Coaching

Secret Number 1 : Recruit the Right Players and Hold Them to Higher Standards

Stephanie Storm quotes perennial winner and head football coach Larry Kehres:

"You have to recruit good people, then assist them in their development."

Milan Simonich quotes Kehres at the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette concerning his recruiting of players:

"I only ask them three questions, but they're important.... Are you a good man? Do you have a passion for football? Do you plan on getting the grades you're capable of?"

Stephanie Storm in the Akron Beacon Journal of November 28, 2003, writes:

"Football might be the focus of the coach's life, but he teaches his players that their values ought to extend beyond the field.

During football season, players' grades actually improve.

Coach says it's important that we hold ourselves to higher standards, especially when so much attention is focused on us during the season,'' wide receiver Randell Knapp said." [emphasis added by LawPundit]

Kehres expects his players to give their best, every day. As quoted by Nancy Armour at The-Review.com:

"I'm proud of the fact that our men do learn that you have to do, day in and day out, what you're supposed to do," Kehres said. "I don't expect (victories). However, do I expect a certain level of performance throughout the offseason in terms of what we do and then, in the season, in how we practice so that we would have a chance to go down that path? Yes, I expect that."

Secret Number 2: Prepare Your Team to Play with Passion and as much Perfection as they are Capable of Achieving

Larry Kehres says:

"The job of a coach is to prepare his team."

This involves training in all of its aspects, including mental and physical preparedness.

As Milan Simonich writes at the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette:

"He [Kehres] took a solid program and turned it into a spectacular one by emphasizing precision, mental preparation and weight training."

Players on and off the field must know what responsibilities they have and what action they are to take in any particular game situation. A player who is undisciplined off the field is not likely to exercise discipline on the field. It is the whole player that counts.

The onus hereby is on the COACHES. Kehres is quoted by Al Eisele at the Huffington Post:

"I always try to get the assistant coaches who work with me to understand that if there's no learning by the kids, there's no teaching.... I've tried hard to get the coaches to accept that as the only measure of performance, and there are just no excuses accepted. If there's no learning, there's no teaching....."

That standard of teaching and learning demands extremely knowledgeable and effective education of players.

Stephanie Storm in the Akron Beacon Journal of November 28, 2003, writes:

"Kinnard and many other team leaders point to the precision with which the program is run, the attention to every detail all the way down to scheduling the number of minutes for each practice drill, as a main reason for their overwhelming success."

The result of that philosophy is awesome. It produces winners.

Milan Simonich writes at the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette:

"He works for perfection," said Matt Caponi, a senior defensive back and a Baldwin High School graduate. "That's how his offense has been for the last three years -- perfect." ...

On the field, Kehres lays down a singular challenge to everybody who pulls on a helmet. "I expect them to play better than they ever thought they could," he says."

Coaches, when is the last time one of your players called your offense - perfect?

Jack Ewing, president of Mount Union College, is quoted by Milan Simionich at the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette as saying about Larry Kehres and the football team program:

"This is a culture of excellence that I have never seen before."

Every coach creates a "culture" of some kind by his coaching. What is yours?

Secret Number 3 : A Coach Must be Absolutely Objective at All Times 

Effective coaching demands absolute objectivity about the skills, strengths and weaknesses of players and coaches, on both sides of the ball. Wishful thinking is at the heart of bad decision-making.

If you have a weaker team than the opponent - accept it. A weaker team can beat a stronger team if the coaches correctly recognize that they are weaker and take proper measures to try to offset that weakness. Here we can point to Stanford's incredible record upset of USC 24-23 in football, even though Stanford was the underdog by more than 40 points (a record). Prior to that game, as Ted Venegas, USCFootball.com Columnist for Rivals.com wrote at Yahoo sports:

"The Cardinal have completely revamped their approach defensively. Before this season, they ran a passive 3-4 defense which was of the read and react variety. This year, they do nothing but attack.... Defensive coordinator Scott Shafer came to the conclusion that Stanford did not have the talent to remain passive, so they have to force the action."

The Stanford upset of USC was enabled by good coaching under the leadership of football director and head coach Jim Harbaugh and the Stanford coaching staff, who objectively recognized their weaknesses and compensated for them. Look at the success Harbaugh subsequently had at Stanford with good players.

The principle also applies to basketball. Tubby Smith, former basketball coach at Kentucky, who in his first year at Minnesota had a 5-1 record as opposed to 2-6 the previous year with much the same players and a similar schedule, says about coaching:

"If you're not skilled enough offensively, defensively you can make up for it with hustle and sheer determination and effort," Smith said. "We feel like we have to overachieve."

Secret Number 4 : A Coach Must Work Optimally to Develop the Players He Has

Stephanie Storm in the Akron Beacon Journal of November 28, 2003, in "Team Concept Rules" writes about Larry Kehres' assessment of players as follows:

"When he [Kehres] thinks back to the start of the run that began Mount Union's dominance, Kehres remembers a meeting held among the team's staff in the early '80s when he was an assistant.

'We just decided to quit pouting about what we didn't have and concentrate on improving the players we had,' Kehres said.

'We went with the idea that if some of the players we recruited weren't as good as some others when they arrived, it was our job to help them catch up,' Kehres said. 'It was sort of, "Come on, let's quit whining and feeling sorry for ourselves and make the most of what we've got."

What happens when you do not develop players properly (required in college ball) but expect them to perform automatically (as is more likely in the NFL) can be seen at Notre Dame, where Charlie Weis, a former NFL offensive coordinator, went 3-9 as the head coach of the Irish. As Posted at FanBlogs.com (and cited at BlogIron) by Kevin Donahue:

"Charlie Weis is an outstanding offensive mind - without question - but he is failing as a head coach.

There is nothing in his resume to suggest that Weis is capable of developing talent. He certainly didn't have to develop players in the NFL, just show them the plays, tweak here & there, and collect the trophies. But now - with his team needing it the most - Weis is not developing talent at Notre Dame.

Good recruits are coming into the Notre Dame system and - but for their own inner passion to excel - languishing under Weis. There is no such thing as marked improvement, it is simply a transaction with Weis. It almost as if the recruits are NFL free agents, signing with the team and then expected to use their talents to improve the team. There's nothing to suggest that Weis is actually taking a player from one level and ELEVATING his game to the next level. And this is Weis's Achilles' heel - he isn't developing players."

Nebraska had the same problem with Bill Callahan, who had proven himself as an offensive coordinator, but not as a head coach, having inherited a Super Bowl team for one successful season and then going 4-12 the next year. It is one thing to develop offensive plays for professional football players at the top - both Callahan (Oakland) and Weis (New England) were offensive coordinators for Super Bowl teams - but it is an entirely different matter to head coach a college team, that may not have the talent at all to execute effectively many of the plays that a brilliant offensive mind can come up with. Plus, equal attention has to be paid to the defense. The job is simply a different one and a coach must adapt coaching to the personnel that he has. 

Secret Number 5 : A Coach Must Adapt the Style of Play to the Players Available 

Stephanie Storm in the Akron Beacon Journal of November 28, 2003, quotes Kehres about the style of play that a football team should have, dependent on the players available:

"Some years you don't have the kind of players you need to say, run the option,'' he said. 'As a coach, you can't just do what you want to do. You have to match it to the ebb and flow of the kind of players you have."

Especially coaches who rely on a "fixed system" and then try to force that fixed system upon their players, whether those players are suited to that system or not, are not likely to be successful. Larry Kehres adapts continuously - to the times and to his players.

Let us tune in to Division III football and the blog, the D3 Football Daily Dose, where commenter Mainjack writes as follows about Mount Union's head coach Larry Kehres ("LK" in the posting quoted below), :

"I’ve been a bit surprised that no one has mentioned how LK has adapted his teams over the past 15 years to stay ahead of the curve. In the early 90’s when the west coast offense was first starting to creep into the language, LK embra[c]ed it, and blew people away with his 5 wideouts and wide open passing. Back in those days as soon as MUC got anywhere near mid-field, they were going for the bomb. As the 90’s came to a close, and defenses were figuring out the west coast schemes, LK went to a very good running back, a blocking fullback and a tight end. Chuck Moore and Dan Pugh helped remake the Mount union offense, and allowed the passing game to be as successful as it needed to be. Now you have Kmic absolutely carrying the load behind a massive offensive line, with deep threat possibility in Garcon, and two or three other receivers doing damage on short routes……when necessary.

Football is cyclical, but LK has always stayed one step ahead of where the game is going, which is why they have not had many down years (if you can call one loss a down year)."

Secret Number 6 : A Coach Must Concentrate on the Basics 

One of the things that shocked this writer about the Callahan-coached Huskers was that they seemed to have forgotten how to block and tackle with passion, i.e. the most basic skills required of a top football team. Coaches who spend all their time designing plays and looking at films of opposing teams are not going to be successful if the basics are thereby neglected. The game must still be played - on the field - not just on the drawing board.

One coach who understood this was UCLA's fabled basketball coach, John Wooden, who made his highly touted players run basic basketball drills like shooting layups continuously, as he explained, so that layups would be made automatically during game situations and not be missed. The same applies to tackles in football.

Indeed, the attention to fundamentals by John Wooden was legendary. As written by Kyle Colvett for Inside Tennessee at Scout.com:

"The most basic of football skills and behaviors need to be emphasized. John Wooden, he of the ten NCAA basketball titles at UCLA, the Wizard of Westwood, used to begin the practice season with an entire session on how to put on socks and shoes. Players were troubled by blisters and foot problems and he discovered that the players didn't smooth out all the wrinkles around their heels and around their little toes, places where the blisters were prone to occur. He sometimes noted that they didn't lace their shoes properly or that they wore shoes that were a size too large. Such details mattered."

Secret Number 7 : Yelling and Screaming is NOT Good Coaching, but Ritual and Routine ARE : Sports Psychology, Mental Fitness and Mental Discipline

See in this regard, for example, Secret Ingredient at FootballPracticePlans.com, which is about sports psychology. We mention it here because sports psychology is immensely important, and as pointed out there, quite correctly:

"Studies show that yelling and screaming does NOT work with 94% of youth football players… and it can make it even harder for them to improve...

Varsity high school football coaches that use routines and rituals with their teams are three times as likely to have a winning record...."

That is absolutely correct. We have seen time and again on playing fields where coaches, parents, relatives and fans are screaming and yelling at their players, all to no avail.

SCREAMING AND YELLING are a sign of poor coaching, poor parenting, poor relations to other people, and poor spectating. It is a sign that you are unable to cope rationally with the situation that faces you. It is evidence of a lack of mental fitness and an absence of mental discipline. This does not mean that one can not be intense and enthusiastic, but it does mean that coaches yelling and screaming at players is simply a waste of time. John Wooden is quoted as saying:

"Intensity makes you stronger. Emotionalism makes you weaker."

The job of any coach is the same as that of any parent or educator, it is the job of rational instruction. Such instruction often best involves ritual and routine, to improve focus and reduce error.

Bill Cole, founder and CEO of Procoach Systems, Silicon Valley, California isolates four characteristics of mental strength that are important for winning: 

1) Very high personal standards (Larry Kehres agrees) 

and accountability

This applies to conduct off and on the field 

2) Unrelenting mental discipline

On a champion soccer team that we coached, for example, players were not allowed to yell at other players or to argue with referees - these were grounds for us, the coaches, to immediately remove a player from the field. Players were expected to concentrate on THEIR playing of the game and on nothing else.

3) Confidence-building by focused practice - achieving permanence of skills through practice 

For example, we often see people at golf driving ranges, senselessly hitting one ball after the other as fast as they can, gaining nothing from the exercise. Practice must be focused on gaining permanence in a given skill. Practice must focus on "perfecting" something, which means that time must be taken to concentrate on what is being done. John Wooden is quoted for this:

"Do not mistake activity for achievement."

4) Focus on the process - not focus simply on winning or losing

Studies show that the difference between equally-talented champions and non-champions is the absence of fear in champions - they are not haunted by the fear of losing, but concentrate on the process of winning, doing what it takes to win, regardless of the specter of losing.

Selected sites touching upon good coaching are:

Wooden's Pyramid of Success

"Success is peace of mind, which is a direct result of self-satisfaction in knowing you made the effort to do your best to become the best that you are capable of becoming." - John Wooden

The Mental Game Coach (TM)

Training and Coaching Tips for Youth Basketball Practice by Bryan McCormick

No-How Coaching by Coach John Gagliardi, some of whose No-Hows are:

• No fear of being different
• No throwing away money
• No top-heavy staff
• No reverence for titles.
• No busy work
• No substituting Mission Statements for doing the job
• No withholding honor earned
• No substituting reams of paper for action
• No being a jerk
• No focusing on mistakes.
• No substituting putzing for achieving
• No celebrating the heros only
• No overloading by overanalysis
• No fear of taking a risk
• No giving power to setbacks
• No settling for less than the best
• No focus on winning everything

GiveMeFootball.com for soccer coaching
 
Football Training - soccer coaching links
 
Football Coaching Strategies - by the AFCA - detailed at Human Kinetics

• Running game—Tom Osborne, John McKay, and Darrell Royal
• Passing game—Bill Walsh, Steve Spurrier, and LaVell Edwards
• Defense—Dick Tomey, Barry Alvarez, Dave Wannstedt, and Jerry Sandusky
• Kicking game—Spike Dykes and John Cooper
• Philosophy, motivation, and management—Eddie Robinson and Joe Paterno

Offensive Football Strategies - by the AFCA
Defensive Football Strategies - by the AFCA

The AFCA (American Football Coaches Association) has more books

- check your online bookshop

Football Tools - Training Systems, Playbooks, DVDs etc.

Grant Teaff with the Master Coaches
 
Youth Coaching Information at Y-Coach
 
Better Coaching - Australian Sports Commission
 
Guide to Coaching Youth Football
 
FootballCoachingSites.com
 
UK Football Coaching Network (soccer)
 
Better Rugby Coaching by Dan Cottrell
 
Coach Carl - Cycling

New Sports Technology and Coaching Solutions- e.g. XOS Technologies
 
GuidetoCoachingBasketball.com including links to basketball coaching sites
 
Progressive Leadership FAQ on [Corporate] Coaching, Knowledge Management and Organizational Development
 
ACTO - Association of Coach Training Organizations (Corporate) see their directory
 
10 Steps to Better [Corporate] Coaching - TSO Consulting
 
Five Principles of Coaching

2nd Follow-Up Posting on the Correlation Between Basketball Team Assists and Game Results

This 2nd follow-up posting follows the 1st Follow-Up Posting on the Correlation Between Basketball Team Assists and Game Results for NCAA and NIT championship tournament basketball games. Prior to this 2nd follow-up posting, the team that led in assists had won 42 games and lost only 8 games with three games where assists were tied. That stat can now as follows be summed to 55 won and 13 games lost by the team that led in assists with 4 games tied in assists.

Further NCAA Division I championship tournament games (the team that led in assists won 11 games, lost 4, with 1 game tied in assists)

• Richmond beat Morehead State 65-48 and the Spiders also led in assists 18-7 (recall that Eagles had only 11 assists in upsetting Louisville and we predicted they would lose this game)
• Connecticut beat Cincinnati 69-58 but trailed in assists 12-10 as Kemba Walker scored 33 points with 5 assists for the Huskies and Uconn won the game at the foul line making 25-30 free throws to only 10-14 for the Bearcats (recall that Cincinnati trailed in assists in beating Missouri and we predicted they would lose this game)
• San Diego State beat Temple 71-64 in 2 overtimes and the game was tied in assists 13-13 (recall that the Owls trailed in assists 12-10 in beating Penn State and we predicted they would lose this game)
• Kentucky beat West Virginia 71-63 and led in assists 12-9
• BYU beat Gonzaga 89-67 but trailed in assists 18-17 as Jimmer Fredette scored 34 points with 6 assists for the Cougars, who won the game on long distance shooting, canning an uncanny 14 of 28 3-point shots, i.e. 42 points on 3-pointers !
• Florida beat UCLA 73-65 and led in assists 13-12 (recall that the Bruins trailed in assists 13-20 in beating Michigan State and we predicted they would lose this game)
• Butler beat Pittsburgh 71-70 but trailed in assists 21-12 as the Bulldogs beat the Panthers via 12 of 27 3-point field goals, among other things
• Wisconsin beat Kansas State 70-65 and led in assists 12-7 as Wildcat guard Jacob Pullen scored 38 points, but the Badgers won the game mostly at the free-throw line on 19 of 23 conversions to only 15 of 22 for K-State, which befits the Wisconsin record of being the best free-throw shooting team in the country this season, currently at 82.3%, which would break the Harvard NCAA record of 82.2% set in 1984
• Kansas beat Illinois 73-59 and led in assists 17-16
• Florida State beat Notre Dame 71-57 and led in assists 15-12 as the Fighting Irish converted only 7- of 30 3-point shots and 8 of 32 inside field goals
• VCU beat Purdue 94-76 and led in assists 26-20 (!) as both teams played strong team basketball with VCU winning the accuracy match with a 57% to 45% FG percentage
• Duke beat Michigan 73-71 but trailed in assists 13-12
• Arizona beat Texas 70-69 and led in assists 17-13 as freshman Jordin Mayes was the difference in 19 minutes of play with a season-high of 16 points, 6 of 7 field goals, of which 4 of 4 were 3-pointers (his season average is 46% and if he plays more than 19 minutes in upcoming games, look out for Arizona)
• North Carolina beat Washington 86-83 and led in assists 18-17 as Tar Heel freshman guard Kendall Marshall had 14 of those assists (!)
• Ohio State beat George Mason 98-66, even after falling behind early 11-2, and led in assists 23-13, 15 of those by freshman guard Aaron Craft off the bench, as the Buckeyes made 61% of all field goals, including not only 16 of 26 from 3-point range but 7 of 7 3's by the game's leading scorer, 6'5" senior David Lighty
• Marquette beat Syracuse 66-62 and led in assists 15-11

Further NIT championship tournament games  (thus far 2 of 3)

• Kent State beat Fairfield 72-68 but trailed in assists 16-12
• Wichita State beat Virginia Tech 79-76 in overtime and led in assists 18-10 (who is going to beat the Shockers in the NIT tourney?)
• College of Charleston beat Cleveland State 64-56 and led in assists 15-9  
• Northwestern beat Boston College 85-67 and led in assists 27-13

Follow-Up Posting on the Correlation Between Basketball Team Assists and Game Results

The team that led in assists won 14 games and lost 5 games with 1 game tied in assists in NCAA Division I competition. IN the NIT the data thus far was 12 games won by the team that led in assists, 2 tied, and only 2 lost.

Here is an update, including the last 16 NCAA tournament games in the Round of 64 and 1 NIT game. The team that led in assists won 16 of 17 games so that in 53 games, the team that led in assists won 42 games and lost only 8 games with three games where assists were tied (Won-Tied-Loss 14-1-5, 12-2-2, 16-0-1)

• George Mason beat Villanova 61-57 and led in assists 12-10
• Ohio State beat UTSA 75-46 and led in assists 26-6 (amazing stat!)
• North Carolina beat Long Island 102-87 and led in assists 21-19 (hats off to the Blackbirds for a game well played and won by the Tar Heels only on the boards and at the free throw line)
• Marquette beat Xavier 66-55 and led in assists 13-11
• Washington beat Georgia 68-65 and led in assists 10-9
• Syracuse beat Indiana State 77-60 and led in assists 17-13
• Notre Dame beat Akron 69-56 and led in assists 16-10 and that was a good thing because the Fighting Irish otherwise won the game only at the free throw stripe as Akron actually made more baskets
• Florida State beat Texas A&M 57-50 and led in assists 14-12
• Kansas beat Boston University 72-53 and led in assists 19-10 (recall that KU ranked 2nd nationally on this stat in the regular season)
• Purdue beat St. Peter's 65-43 and led in assists 12-9
• Illinois beat UNLV 73-62 and led in assists 21-10
• VCU beat Georgetown 74-56 and led in assists 14-12
• Texas beat Oakland 85-81 and led in assists 14-12
• Michigan beat Tennessee 75-45 and led in assists 20-10
• Arizona beat Memphis 77-75 but trailed in assists 16-11 (this indicates to us that Arizona probably will not go far in the tournament)
• Duke beat Hampton 87-45 and led in assists 17-4 (the Pirates forgot about team play)

In the NIT, Colorado beat Cal 89-72 and led in assists 13-12 (that stat is still a bit weak for the Buffaloes, but they are making great strides forward under first year head coach Tad Boyle)